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Bellver Castle
Bellver Castle〔(Bellver Castle, Spain )〕 ((カタルーニャ語、バレンシア語:Castell de Bellver)) is a Gothic style castle on a hill 3 km to the west of the center of Palma on the Island of Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain. It was built in the 14th century for King James II of Majorca, and is one of the few circular castles in Europe.〔http://www.mallorcawebsite.com/balearik/bellver.html〕 Long used as a military prison throughout the 18th to mid-20th century, it is now under civilian control, being one of the main tourist attractions of the island, as well as the seat for the city's History Museum.〔(Bellver castle, NorthSouthGuides ) Bellver Castle, Mallorca〕
== Origins and Evolution ==
The castle's plan, circular floor with round towers attached to it seems to have been inspired by the upper complex of the Herodion in the West Bank, which is also circular and has a large principal tower and three minor towers as well. They are attached while the principal one is coupled to the complex by a high bridge over the surrounding moat.
The main part of the fortification was built by architect Pere Salvà, who also worked in the construction of the Royal Palace of La Almudaina, together with other master masons between 1300 and 1311 for King James II of Aragon and Majorca. Rock from the hill where the castle sits was used for the building, which has eventually led to the appearance of cracks.
Once the castle had been built, and following the introduction of artillery, the battlements on the top balconies and the barbican disappeared, being soon followed by those in every tower; loopholes were built instead.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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